Domain Name System
The domain name system, known as DNS, is one of the most important systems of Internet protocols, it has an important function of translating domain names into human readability, such as www.amazon.com or www.google. com to machine-readable addresses, i.e. IP address for example, 192.0.2.44. All computers on the Internet, from smartphones or laptops to servers that serve as servers in many retail locations, search and communicate with each other by numbers. These numbers are known as IP addresses. When you open a web browser and go to a web page, you don't have to remember to dial a long number. However, you can enter a domain name like example.com and still end up in the right place. DNS for Internet acts as a directory by processing mappings between names and numbers. DNS servers interpret IP address requests that control which server reaches the end user when they enter a domain name into their Web browser. These requirements are called questions.
Authoritative DNS: Authoritative DNS provides an update mechanism that developers use to manage their public DNS names. It then answers DNS queries and translates domain names into IP addresses so that computers can communicate with each other. Authoritative DNS has ultimate authority over the domain and is responsible for providing responses to the recursive DNS server using IP address information. Recursive DNS: Customers usually do not require direct access to authoritative DNS services. Instead, they usually connect to another type of DNS service known as a resolver or recursive DNS service. The recursive DNS acts as a hotel consortium: although it does not have DNS records, it acts as an intermediary in obtaining DNS information for you. If the recursive DNS has a cached or cached DNS link for a period of time, it responds to the DNS query by providing source or IP information. Otherwise, it forwards the query to one or more authoritative DNS servers to find the information.
DNS cache poisoning is the act of entering incorrect information into the DNS cache, so DNS queries return an incorrect response and users are redirected to the wrong Web site. This method of attack is also known as "DNS spoofing". The whole process of DNS translation has a flow where an attacker can inject a malicious IP address into a name server so that it tells people to go to false IP address instead of going to actual IP address.